Crons property
Adobe Commerce uses the crons
property to schedule repetitive activities. It is ideal for scheduling a specific task to run at certain times of the day. Only one cron job can run at a time on the web instance for Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure projects because of the nature of read-only environments. It is a best practice to break down long-running tasks into smaller, queued tasks. Alternatively, you can build a worker instance.
Adobe recommends that you run crons
as the file system owner. Do not run crons
as root
or as the web server user.
This configuration is different from on-premises deployments of Adobe Commerce, which have multiple default cron jobs. See Configure cron jobs in the Configuration guide.
Set up cron jobs
The crons
property describes processes that are triggered on a schedule. Each job requires a name and the following options:
spec
—The cron expression used for scheduling.cmd
—The command to run onstart
andstop
.shutdown_timeout
—(Optional) If a cron job is canceled, this is the number of seconds after which a SIGKILL signal is sent to stop the job or process. The default is 10 seconds.timeout
—(Optional) The maximum amount of time a cron job can run before timeout. Defaults to the maximum allowed value of 86400 seconds (24 hours).
By default, every Commerce cloud project has the following default crons
configuration in the .magento.app.yaml
file:
crons:
cronrun:
spec: "* * * * *"
cmd: "php bin/magento cron:run"
If your project requires custom cron jobs, you can add them to the default crons
configuration. See Build a cron job.
crontab
Adobe Commerce added an auto-crons configuration option only to Pro projects to support self-service crons
configuration on the Staging and Production environments. If this option is enabled, you can use crontab
to review the cron configuration. This is not available with Starter projects.
Although you can use crontab
to review configuration on Pro projects, Adobe Commerce does not use crontab
to run cron jobs for sites deployed on the cloud infrastructure.
To review cron configuration on Pro environments:
-
Use SSH to log in to the remote environment.
-
List the scheduled cron processes.
code language-shell crontab -l
note note NOTE If the crontab -l
command returns aCommand not found
error, you must Submit an Adobe Commerce Support ticket to enable the auto-crons self-service configuration option on your Pro project.
The following example shows the crontab
output for an environment that has only the default crons
configuration:
username@hostname:~$ crontab -l
# Crontab is managed by the system, attempts to edit it directly will fail.
SHELL=/etc/platform/6fck2obu3244c/cron-run
MAILTO=""
# m h dom mon dow job_name
* * * * * cronrun
Build a cron job
A cron job includes the schedule and timing specification and the command to run at the scheduled time. For Starter environments and Pro integration
environments, the minimum interval is once per five minutes. For Pro Staging and Production environments, the minimum interval is once per minute. On Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure, you add custom cron jobs to the .magento.app.yaml
file in the crons
section. The general format is spec
for scheduling and cmd
to specify the command or custom script to run.
Specification
Adobe Commerce uses a five-value expression for a crons
specification (spec): * * * * *
- Minute (0 through 59) For all Starter and Pro environments, the minimum frequency supported for cron jobs is five minutes. You may need to configure settings in your Admin.
- Hour (0 through 23)
- Day of month (1 through 31)
- Month (1 through 12)
- Day of week (0 through 6) (Sunday through Saturday; 7 is also Sunday on some systems)
Some examples:
00 */3 * * *
runs every three hours at the first minute (12:00 am, 3:00 am, 6:00 am)20 */8 * * *
runs every 8 hours at minute 20 (12:20 am, 8:20 am, 4:20 pm)00 00 * * *
runs once a day at midnight00 * * * 1
runs once a week on Monday at midnight.
crons
time specified in the .magento.app.yaml
file is based on the server timezone, not the timezone specified in the store configuration values in the database.When determining the scheduling, consider the time it takes to complete the task. For example, if you run a job every three hours and the task takes 40 minutes to complete, you may consider changing the scheduled timing.
Command
The cmd
specifies the command or custom script to run. The command script format can include the following:
<path-to-php-binary> <project-dir>/<script-command>
For example:
crons:
spec: "00 */8 * * *"
cmd: "/usr/bin/php /app/abc123edf890/bin/magento export:start catalog_category_product"
In this example, <path-to-php-binary>
is /usr/bin/php
. The install directory, which includes the project ID is /app/abc123edf890/bin/magento
, and the script action is export:start catalog_category_product
.
Add custom cron jobs to your project
On the Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure platform, you can add customizations to the crons
section of the .magento.app.yaml
file.
integration
environments, the minimum interval is once per five minutes. For Pro Staging and Production environments, the minimum interval is once per minute. You cannot configure more frequent intervals than the default minimums.On Adobe Commerce Pro projects, the auto-crons feature must be enabled on your project before you can add custom cron jobs to Staging and Production environments using the .magento.app.yaml
file. If this feature is not enabled, Submit an Adobe Commerce Support ticket to enable auto-crons.
To add custom cron jobs:
-
In your local development environment, edit the
.magento.app.yaml
file in the Adobe Commerce/app
directory. -
In the
crons
section, add your customization using the following format:code language-yaml crons: <cron_name_1>: spec: "<schedule_time>" cmd: "<schedule_command>" <cron_name_2>: spec: "<schedule_time>" cmd: "<schedule_command>"
In the following example, the
productcatalog
job exports the product catalog every eight hours, 20 minutes after the hour.code language-yaml crons: magento: spec: '* * * * *' cmd: 'php bin/magento cron:run' productcatalog: spec: '20 */8 * * *' cmd: 'bin/magento export:start catalog_product_category'
-
Add, commit, and push code changes.
code language-bash git add .magento.app.yaml && git commit -m "cron config updates" && git push origin <branch-name>
Update cron jobs
To add, remove, or update a customized job, change the configuration in the crons
section of the .magento.app.yaml
file. Then, test the updates in the remote integration
environment before pushing the changes to the Staging and Production environments.
Disable cron jobs
You can manually disable cron jobs before you complete maintenance tasks like reindexing or cleaning the cache to prevent performance issues. You can use the ece-tools
CLI command cron:disable
to disable all cron jobs and stop any active cron processes.
To disable cron jobs:
-
On your local workstation, change to your project directory.
-
Use SSH to log in to the remote environment.
code language-bash magento-cloud ssh
-
Disable cron jobs and stop active cron processes.
code language-shell ./vendor/bin/ece-tools cron:disable
-
After you complete any required maintenance tasks, ensure that you enable the cron jobs again.
code language-shell ./vendor/bin/ece-tools cron:enable
Troubleshooting cron jobs
Adobe has updated the Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure package to optimize cron processing on the Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure platform and to fix cron-related issues. If you encounter problems with cron processing, make sure that your project is using the most current version of the ece-tools
package. See Update ECE-Tools.
You can review cron processing information in the application-level log files for each environment. See Application logs.
See the following Adobe Commerce Support articles for help with troubleshooting cron-related problems: